3种对虾精子超低温冷冻保存技术研究     

王文琪  杨敬昆  徐世宏  刘清华  李军 《海洋科学》2017,41(9):81-86

作者以日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)、中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)和南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)作为实验材料,研究3种稀释液(天然海水,人工无钙海水,Hank’s平衡盐溶液)、3种抗冻剂(二甲基亚砜、丙二醇和丙三醇)、3种稀释比例(5%、10%和15%)、3种不同的降温程序对3种对虾精子超低温冷冻保存效果的影响。冻精解冻后通过台盼蓝染色的方法计算其存活率。结果显示,对于3种对虾,以天然海水作为稀释液,10%PG作为抗冻剂,4℃平衡20 min,以–2℃/min降温至–40℃,–40℃平衡10℃,以–15℃/min降温至–150℃,然后投入液氮作为降温程序进行超低温冷冻保存效果最好,冻精解冻后存活率分别为75.33%±2.56%、69.00%±3.00%和23.33%±8.55%。  相似文献   

Comparative genetic structure in two high-dispersal prawn species from the south-west Indian Ocean     

TK Mkare  JC Groeneveld  PR Teske  CA Matthee 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(4):467-474

The penaeid prawns Fenneropenaeus indicus and Metapenaeus monoceros support shallow-water prawn fisheries in the south-west Indian Ocean. They are sympatric and have similar life histories, including developmental stages that depend on estuarine and marine habitats and a short dispersal duration. Nevertheless, M. monoceros juveniles display a more generalist habitat preference in estuaries and recruit to offshore habitats during a different season than F. indicus. We hypothesised that these differences would affect dispersal patterns, leading to dissimilar geographic genetic structure between the two taxa. Given their short dispersal phase, we also hypothesised that the Mozambique Channel would form a barrier to dispersal between the southeastern African mainland and Madagascar sites. Population differentiation was assessed based on analysis of mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences. Both species displayed high haplotype and low nucleotide diversity. Pairwise ?_ST statistics supported the existence of admixed populations along the African mainland sites for both species, with geographic distance isolating populations at the extremes of the sampled range (Kenya and east coast of South Africa). The Madagascar population differed significantly from African mainland populations. The concordant patterns in population differentiation suggest that F. indicus and M. monoceros can be considered as single African stocks, or fisheries management units.  相似文献   

The Complete Sequence of Mitochondrial COⅡ Gene of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Its Applicability as a Marker for Phylogenetic Analysis     

YU Shanshan  KONG Xiaoyu  LI Yulong  XU Hui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2)

The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ (COⅡ) gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%, 87.0% and 83.8% sequence similarity to Marsupenaeus Japonicus, Penaeus monodon and Farfantepenaeus notialis, respectively. The A+T content of the whole gene and that at the third position of codons are 64.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between F. chinensis and three other species representing genera Farfanatepenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus was analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among the four taxa ranged from 0.144 0 to 0.200 5, exceeding those estimated with COⅠ and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences among Marsupenaeus, Litopenaeus and Melicertus, and being therefore larger than the value among subgenera. It has been suggested that the COⅡ gene has a faster evolutionary rate than that of the COⅠ gene and partial 16S rRNA gene and could be used for phylogenetic analysis at genus or species level. The results of the present study indicated that Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus are at a higher phylogenetic level than subgenus, which supports the opinion of the elevation of phylogenetic status of the four subgenera to genus level.  相似文献   

中国对虾（Penaeus　chinensis）维生素营养的研究──Ⅴ．中国对虾维生素C营养   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐志昌  刘铁斌  雷清新  李爱杰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(3)

提出以稳定态的ＬＡＰＰ代替一般维生素Ｃ添加在配合饲料中饲喂对虾，指出：在１００ｇ饲料中含ＬＡＰＰ４００ｍｇ时，其体长增长率和体重增重率最高，存活率最佳．饲料中ＬＡＰＰ浓度大小影响对虾的蜕壳频率和蜕壳周期，当饲料中ＬＡＰＰ缺乏时，对虾的蜕壳频率降低，蜕壳周期延长；过量的ＬＡＰＰ也会使对虾的蜕壳频率相对降低，但比缺乏或不足的要高。维生素Ｃ在对虾肝胰脏中的积累以ＬＡＰＰ含量４００ｍｇ／１００ｇ饲料组为最高。  相似文献   

中国对虾血淋巴蛋白质、葡萄糖含量的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

罗日祥 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(5):476-480

于１９９２－１９９３年５月和１０月，在胶州湾捕捞中国对虾亲虾，９月在莱州和胶南采集的人工养殖中国对虾，采用双缩脲法测定其血淋巴中的血清总蛋白含量，用０－ＴＢ法测定血清葡萄糖含量，并研究注射灭菌海水、海洋弧菌后，对中国对虾血清总蛋白含量和血清葡萄糖含量的影响规律。  相似文献   

中国对虾虾苗体表细菌的扫描电镜和病理学观察     

宋庆云  谭金山 《海岸工程》1997,16(1):36-40

从对虾育苗池中任意收集活的虾苗，通过扫描电镜观察发现其体表有大量附生细菌和污着生物，优势菌为弧菌属。这些细菌可分解几丁质，损害甲壳表导并影响蜕皮，为其它生物附着创造了机会。当有病毒感染或其它因素使其抗病力下降时，此类细菌可能乘机进入虾苗繁殖，引发弧菌病，故可称之为条件致病菌。有体表细菌附生的虾苗，肝胰腺内也常发现细小病毒和大量细菌感染，造成肝组织坏死。这是虾苗停止变态、蜕皮和大量死亡的重要原因。  相似文献   

复合酶制剂对中国对虾消化率的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

仲军  王键鹏 《海洋科学》1995,19(1):57-59

添加复合酶制剂，可以提高对虾内源酶的活性，增强肝胰脏的消化作用。 对虾饲料中添加１％。复合酶制剂可使对虾总消化率和蛋白质消化率分别提高 ４．８１％和２．４６％。  相似文献   

Sea water environment copper requirement of egg hatching and naupliar metamorphosis of Peaneus chinensis     

Yuan Youxian  Qu Keming  Liu Libo  Gao Chengnian  Zhang Duxi 《海洋学报(英文版)》1995,14(3):421-428

ＳｅａｗａｔｅｒｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｃｏｐｐｅｒｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｅｇｇｈａｔｃｈｉｎｇａｎｄｎａｕｐｌｉａｒｍｅｔａｍｏｒｐｈｏｓｉｓｏｆＰｅａｎｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ￥ＹｕａｎＹｏｕｘｉａｎ；ＱｕＫｅｍｉｎｇ；ＬｉｕＬｉｂｏ；ＧａｏＣ...  相似文献   

朱氏扁藻作为中国对虾幼体饵料的效果试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张成武  胡鸿钧 《海洋科学》1993,17(5):38-41

本文报道了从我国海州湾沿岸海水中分离的一种易培养朱氏扁藻(Tetraselmis chui),此藻投喂中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)幼苗,成活率可达64.30％(蚤状Ⅰ期到仔虾Ⅰ龄),与对照组同。  相似文献   

中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)视神经节神经内分泌细胞电生理特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高春蕾  孙金生  相建海  朱明远 《海洋与湖沼》2004,35(6):555-561

利用膜片钳技术对体外培养24—48h中国对虾的视神经节端髓A型和B型神经内分泌细胞进行电生理特征研究。电流钳的结果表明，A型细胞具有自发和诱发放电活动；B型细胞没有记录到明显放电活动。在电压钳模式下，中国对虾视神经节神经内分泌细胞表达TTX敏感Na^ 通道、高电压激活L型Ca^2 通道、TEA敏感晚钾通道、早钾通道。Ca^2 通道电流在-40— -30mV被激活，在-10—0mV时达到峰值；Ca电流受钳制电压的影响。一定电压范围内，钳制电压越负，Ca电流就越大。外向的钾通道电流均在-40mV左右被激活。晚钾通道电流对TEA敏感，但TEA不能完全阻断晚钾通道电流。  相似文献